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BACKGROUND:Hypoxia is an important mechanism of treatment resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that regulate multiple mRNAs and are frequently dysregulated in cancer. The authors have investigated the role of 3 microRNAs, including the hypoxia‐induced hsa‐miR‐210, as potential markers of hypoxia or prognosis.
METHODS:Three hypoxia‐related...
BACKGROUND:The purpose of the study was to identify predictors of weight loss during radiotherapy (RT) in patients with stage I or II head and neck (HN) cancer.
METHODS:This study was conducted as part of a phase 3 chemoprevention trial. A total of 540 patients were randomized. The patients were weighed before and after RT. Their baseline characteristics, including lifestyle habits, diet, and quality...
BACKGROUND:Chemoradiation is the preferred treatment for advanced stage IV head and neck cancer. Higher doses of chemotherapy yielded promising results in vitro and vivo, confirmed by intra‐arterial (IA) cisplatin‐based chemoradiation in phase 2 studies.
METHODS:Two hundred and thirty‐nine patients with (functionally) unresectable head and neck cancer were included, from 2000 to 2004, in a multicenter,...
BACKGROUND:p53 plays a critical role in cellular anticancer mechanisms, and has been correlated with second primary malignancy (SPM) development. A common polymorphism in codon 72 of p53 results in an amino acid substitution and could influence p53 function. The authors hypothesized that p53 codon 72 polymorphism may be associated with risk of SPMs and SPM‐free survival among patients with squamous...
BACKGROUND:The authors conducted a hospital‐based study of 1110 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and a control group of 1129 patients to replicate the associations reported by a recent, large European study between 2 potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) genes, a substitution in ADH1B at amino acid 48 from...
BACKGROUND:The current study was conducted to evaluate trends in utilization of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer (HNC).
METHODS:Identified were 5487 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) ‐Medicare linked database with a diagnosis of HNC (aged ≥65 years) between 2000 and 2005, who received any type of radiotherapy (RT). Multivariate logistic...
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an emerging causative factor for squamous carcinoma of the oropharynx and perhaps other head and neck cancers. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the clinical significance and implications of HPV status in this patient population. As a result, there is no established protocol for informing patients of the potential link between viral infection and their cancer...
BACKGROUND:Both concomitant chemotherapy and altered fractionation radiotherapy (RT) have been shown to improve outcomes for patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. However, both strategies also increase acute toxicity, and it is questionable whether the 2 can be safely combined. Traditional concomitant chemotherapy regimens include high‐dose cisplatin given at...
BACKGROUND:Patients with locally recurrent squamous cell cancer of the head and neck (SCCHN) are reported to have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Optimal management is selectively applied and morbid. Both surgical resection and chemoradiotherapy are reported to result in median survivals of approximately 12 months. Intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is a highly conformal approach...
BACKGROUND:Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) may alter the processing, transcription, and expression of miRNAs and, thus, may contribute to cancer development. The authors hypothesized that common polymorphisms in pre‐miRNAs are associated individually and (more likely) collectively with the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).
METHODS:The authors...
Tumors of the head and neck comprise an important neoplasia group, the incidence of which is increasing in many parts of the world. Recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques for these lesions have yielded novel molecular targets, uncovered signal pathway dominance, and advanced early cancer detection. Proteomics is a powerful tool for investigating the distribution of proteins and small...
BACKGROUND:The objective of this phase 2 study was to evaluate the tolerability and efficacy of incorporating cetuximab and simultaneous integrated‐boost (SIB), intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) into a well described 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) and hydroxyurea (HU)‐based chemoradiation regimen.
METHOD:Patients with stage IVA and IVB or high‐risk stage III squamous cell carcinomas of the head...
BACKGROUND:The overall 5‐year survival rate of approximately 60% for head and neck cancer patients has remained essentially unchanged over the past 30 years. MicroRNA‐137 (miR‐137) plays an essential role in cell‐cycle control at the G1/S‐phase checkpoint. However, the aberrant miR‐137 promoter methylation observed in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) suggests a tumor‐specific molecular...
BACKGROUND:A study was undertaken to examine the patterns of systemic therapy use in conjunction with radiation therapy for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer.
METHODS:Between December 1, 2005 and May 11, 2009, 2874 patients with newly diagnosed head and neck squamous cell cancer who were scheduled to receive radiotherapy and/or drug therapy were registered in a prospective...
BACKGROUND:Lower socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to higher incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) and lower survival. However, little is known about the effect of SES on HNC survival in Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs). This study's purpose was to examine the effect of SES on disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) in APIs with HNC using population‐based data.
METHODS:A...
BACKGROUND:Recent genetic studies have implicated p53 mutation as a significant risk factor for therapeutic failure in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, in a recent meta‐analysis in the literature of p53 from major anatomical subsites (larynx, oral cavity, oropharynx/hypopharynx), associations between patient survival and p53 status were ambiguous.
METHODS:The authors...
BACKGROUND:Bortezomib, an inhibitor of the 26S proteasome and NF‐κB, may have antitumor activity in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC). Preclinical studies have shown synergy between bortezomib and doxorubicin.
METHODS:Eligibility criteria included incurable ACC, any number of prior therapies but without an anthracycline, unidimensionally measurable disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance...
BACKGROUND:It has been shown that concomitant chemotherapy (C) with reirradiation (ReRT) is feasible and effective for select patients with recurrent or second primary head and neck cancer (HNC). To examine potential prognostic factors associated with survival, the authors of this report retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of patients who received CReRT.
METHODS:The study cohort comprised previously...
BACKGROUND:A behavioral phenotype that characterizes nicotine dependence, the time to first cigarette after waking, is hypothesized to increase the risk of head and neck cancer.
METHODS:A case‐control study of histologically confirmed head and neck cancer was conducted that included 1055 cases and 795 controls with a history of cigarette smoking.
RESULTS:The pack‐years–adjusted odds ratio was 1...
BACKGROUND:This phase 2 trial evaluated the tolerability and clinical efficacy of the combination of oxaliplatin and pemetrexed as an induction chemotherapy regimen in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
METHODS:Forty‐two patients were enrolled in the study. Patients received pemetrexed 300 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 IV every 14 days for a total...
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