Amino ahcid ionic liquids were prepared and loaded onto manganese dioxide for fuel desulfurization. The optimum desulfurization process conditions of the loaded amino acid ionic liquids were obtained experimentally and by response surface methodology. The excellent regeneration and recycling performance of the loaded amino acid ionic liquids was confirmed by reusability experiments. The equilibrium experimental data fit the Langmuir isotherm well, and a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model can be used to describe the adsorption kinetics of dibenzothiophene adsorption. The research results of the desulfurization mechanism show that the adsorption of thiophenes by the loaded amino acid ionic liquids is chemical adsorption.