Objectives
This research identified which theoretically predicted factors (Joseph, Williams, & Yule, 1997) were associated with the severity of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms 1 and 6 months following onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Predictor variables included event factors, peri‐traumatic distress; and maintaining factors including coping strategies, social support, re‐appraisal of event threat, and beliefs about the nature of ACS. Associations with alexithymia were also explored.
Method
One hundred and fifty participants completed questionnaires in hospital and at 1‐ and 6‐month follow‐up.
Results
Hierarchical multiple regression including both baseline and contemporaneous variables explained 52 and 42% of the variance in PTSD symptoms at each follow‐up. At 1‐month follow‐up, predictors of PTSD symptoms were as follows: peri‐traumatic distress, concern over symptoms, illness comprehension, and lack of social support. At 6‐month follow‐up, predictors were: peri‐traumatic distress, lack of social support, use of problem‐focused coping, and continued symptoms.
Conclusions
The Joseph et al. model was generally supported. The data allow some degree of prediction of high risk individuals and suggest some possible interventions.