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Background
Spermatogenesis is a process of dynamic cell differentiation. Ionizing radiation impairs spermatogenesis, and spermatogonia are more radiosensitive than spermatocytes or spermatids. Consistent with this assumption and due to improvement in tumor curability, nowadays, fertility preservation represents a public health need.
Objectives
To discuss radiotherapy‐induced risk to male fertility...
Background
Metformin has long been used for glycemic control in diabetic state. Recently, other benefits of metformin beyond blood glucose regulation have emerged.
Objectives
To investigate the effect of metformin on the expression of testicular steroidogenesis‐related genes, spermatogenesis, and fertility of male diabetic rats.
Materials and methods
Eighteen adult male Sprague Dawley rats were...
Background
Normosmic congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (ncHH) is caused by the deficient production, secretion, or action of gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH). Its typical clinical manifestation is delayed puberty and azoospermia. Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations in the GNRHR gene (4q13.2) are the most frequent genetic causes of ncHH.
Objectives
(i) Characterization at...
Background
Traditional risk factors used to assess cardiovascular risk miss a significant population who are indeed at risk for future cardiac events. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is an emerging marker for future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), especially in young and middle‐aged men with vasculogenic ED. Cavernous arteries morphological alterations at penile...
Background
Evaluation of male fertility includes standard semen analysis; however, there is uncertainty about the value of sperm parameters in predicting fertility.
Objective
To evaluate the association between semen parameters and fatherhood during a long‐time period.
Materials and methods
Semen parameters (total sperm count, concentration, motility, and morphology) and sperm DNA fragmentation...
Background
Cysteine‐rich secretory protein (CRISP‐3), a protein involved in inflammatory response, is highly increased in seminal plasma of adolescents with varicocoele and altered semen analysis, but not in adolescents with varicocoele and normal semen. It is not known, however, whether this increased seminal concentration occurs as an acute marker during the initial stages of varicocoele or whether...
Background
The existing classifications of varicocoeles have poor predictive value regarding the effects of surgery on sperm count.
Objective
To develop a new grading system for varicocoeles, useful as an indication for surgery.
Materials and methods
This is a three‐center prospective study which examined 173 men having clinically detectable left varicocoeles and oligo ± astheno ± terato‐spermia...
Background
Ex vivo androgen prodrug conversion by blood esterases after oral androgen ester administration may result in an overestimation of the measured blood androgens.
Objective
We investigated whether blood collection tubes with esterase inhibitors decreased the conversion of testosterone undecanoate (TU) and dimethandrolone undecanoate (DMAU) to their active metabolites, testosterone (T),...
Background
In male rats, the bulbourethral glands (Bu‐Gs) are the unique accessory sexual glands surrounded by striated musculature. However, until now the role of this musculature was unknown.
Objectives
(i) To characterize the Bu‐Gs striated muscular layer in male rats and determine its innervation and response to genital stimulation. (ii) To reveal the role of the Bu‐Gs striated musculature...
Background
Sperm capacitation is essential for proper fertilization and is associated with increased sperm hyperactivity (HA) and acrosome reaction (AR). For successful fertilization, AR timing is critical; accordingly, early spontaneous AR may not facilitate fertilization. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) possesses antioxidant properties which affect sperm capacitation. The association between PON1, semen parameters,...
Background
Finnish men used to have higher semen quality than Danish men. However, recent studies showed that semen quality in Finland has declined, but it has been relatively stable in Denmark.
Objective
This study aimed to compare new data on semen quality of the young Finnish men to that of Danish men.
Materials and methods
In this cross‐sectional study, 18‐ to 19‐year‐old men residing in...
Background
Surgical sperm retrieval, requiring local anesthetic injection, is the most frequent surgical procedure in male infertility. However, needle phobia is common and may contribute to negative experiences or refusal of procedures employing needle injection.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of needle‐free jet anesthetic technique (MadaJet)...
Background
microTESE proved to be the gold standard surgical approach for patients with non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA), but sperm retrieval rates (SRRs) vary considerably among centers. Some authors compared their SRRs with the pattern of seminiferous tubule caliber found at high magnification, but none provided diagnostic accuracy measures.
Objective
The present retrospective study sought to...
Background
Human testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) arise from germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS) cells that originate from foetal germ cell precursors. Activin A is central to normal foetal testis development, and its dysregulation may contribute to TGCT aetiology.
Objective
(i) To test whether the expression profiles of activin A targets in normal and neoplastic human testes indicates functional...
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