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The traditional approach for measuring outcomes after surgery involves ascertaining whether a patient survived surgery while avoiding major complications. This approach does not capture the full spectrum of events that are meaningful to patients, especially because mortality risks after elective surgery are relatively low, and different complication types vary considerably with respect to their impact...
Summary
Enhanced postoperative recovery programmes (ERAS) were developed about 20 years ago based on improved understanding of the pathophysiology of postoperative recovery within an integrated multidisciplinary approach. The results across surgical procedures have been extremely positive with a reduction in hospitalisation and medical complications, without increased re‐admission rates. However,...
Tracheal tubes are routinely used in adults undergoing elective surgery. The size of the tracheal tube, defined by its internal diameter, is often generically selected according to sex, with 7–7.5 mm and 8–8.5 mm tubes recommended in women and men, respectively. Tracheal diameter in adults is highly variable, being narrowest at the subglottis, and is affected by height and sex. The outer diameter...
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