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Background
Studies suggest early egg introduction (EEI) in the first year of life is associated with reduced risk of developing egg allergy. No US recommendations exist regarding optimally implementing EEI.
Methods
Using simulation and Markov modelling over a 20‐year horizon, we explored optimal EEI strategies applied to US, European and Canadian populations, comparing screening of high‐risk infants...
Background and objectives
The development of childhood asthma is associated with neonatal colonization with pathogenic bacteria in hypopharynx. Furthermore, established asthma is associated with systemic low‐grade inflammation. We here report on the association between neonatal colonization with pathogenic bacteria in hypopharynx and the development of systemic low‐grade inflammation.
Methods
Bacterial...
Background
Exposure to environmental pollutants promotes Th2 cell responses. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation aggravates allergic responses. Epithelium‐derived thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)‐25, and IL‐33 are implicated in the dysregulation of Th2 immune responses in severe allergic asthma.
Methods
Bronchial biopsies of 28 allergic severe asthma and 6 mild asthma...
The 2017 International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) classification recognizes 3 hyper‐IgE syndromes (HIES), including the prototypic Job's syndrome (autosomal dominant STAT3‐loss of function) and autosomal recessive PGM3 and SPINK5 syndromes. Early diagnosis of PID can direct life‐saving or transformational interventions; however, it remains challenging owing to the rarity of these conditions...
Background
Prospective studies of antenatal and infant vitamin D exposure and atopic disease from extensively characterised, disease‐specific, maternal‐infant cohorts with gold standard analysis of vitamin D status and clinically validated atopic outcomes are lacking. This study aimed to investigate associations between intrauterine vitamin D status and atopic outcomes in an extensively characterised,...
Background
Recently, we have shown that mast cell mitochondrial STAT3 could serve as a new target for the regulation of the allergic response as it plays an essential role in immunologically mediated degranulation of mast cells. In the present work, we explored how two recently developed mitochondrial STAT3 inhibitors (Mitocur‐1 and Mitocur‐3) modulate the allergic response.
Methods
Experiments...
Background
Prevalence and severity of allergic diseases have increased worldwide. To date, respiratory allergy phenotypes are not fully characterized and, along with inflammation progression, treatment is increasingly complex and expensive. Profilin sensitization constitutes a good model to study the progression of allergic inflammation. Our aim was to identify the underlying mechanisms and the associated...
α1‐Antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) predisposes individuals to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and liver disease. Despite being commonly described as rare, AATD is under‐recognized, with less than 10% of cases identified. The following is a comprehensive review of AATD, primarily for physicians who treat COPD or asthma, covering the genetics, epidemiology, clinical presentation, screening...
Background
The skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients presents a significant dysbalance of the microbiome with a high colonization by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which positively correlates with the severity of the disease.
Objective
Understanding the role of epidermal dendritic cells (DC) as link between the innate and the adaptive immune systems in AD.
Methods
Comparative phenotypic...
Background
Perioperative anaphylaxis mainly involves neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) with an IgE‐mediated mechanism. In France, this life‐threatening condition is reported by anesthetists and allergologists, and two safety alerts concerning suxamethonium were raised in 2011 and 2012. This led to start a national survey over the 2000‐2012 period which objectives were to provide a descriptive...
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