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Background and aims
People with mental illnesses and substance abuse disorders are important targets for smoking cessation interventions. Mental health professionals (MHPs) are ideally placed to deliver interventions, but their attitudes may prevent this. This systematic review therefore aimed to identify and estimate quantitatively MHPs attitudes towards smoking and main barriers for providing smoking...
Background and aims
The concept of national drinking culture is well established in research and policy debate, but rarely features in contemporary alcohol policy analysis. We aim to demonstrate the value of the alternative concept of social practices for quantitatively operationalizing drinking culture. We discuss how a practice perspective addresses limitations in existing analytical approaches...
Aims
To test two indirect pathways through which sexual minority adolescents (SMAs) may be at risk for heavy episodic drinking (HED) including a socialization pathway via substance‐using peer affiliations and social marginalization pathway via sexual minority‐specific victimization and subsequent substance‐using peer affiliations.
Design
Analysis of the first three waves (6 months apart) of a longitudinal...
Background and aims
The feasibility of intervention in heroin overdose is of clinical importance. The presence of 6‐monoacetyl morphine (6MAM) in the blood is suggestive of survival times of less than 20–30 minutes following heroin administration. The study aimed to determine the proportions of cases in which 6MAM was present, and compare concentrations of secondary metabolites and circumstances...
Aims
This study aimed to validate the presence of a khat use disorder syndrome using DSM‐5 criteria and to examine its relationship with increased experience of harms.
Design
Cross‐sectional, purposive sample of current khat‐chewers, recruited from khat markets and cafes.
Setting
Participants were recruited from the general community and from Adama Science and Technology University in Ethiopia...
Aims
We tested two aims: (1) the teachable moment (TM): whether second‐hand smoke exposure (SHSe) feedback motivates cessation in parents of children with asthma versus parents of healthy children (HC); and (2) whether greater intervention intensity [enhanced‐precaution adoption model (PAM)] produces greater cessation than a previously tested intervention (PAM).
Design and interventions
Aim 1:...
Background and aims
Research has not studied unique impulsivity dimensions as prospective links between childhood attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and alcohol problems. We examined the association between childhood ADHD, five facets of impulsivity and alcohol problems in adulthood and the indirect effects of childhood ADHD‐to‐impulsivity‐to‐alcohol problems.
Design, Setting and Participants...
Aims
To evaluate (1) whether gambling problems predict overall trajectories of change in family or interpersonal adjustment and (2) whether annual measures of gambling problems predict time‐specific decreases in family or interpersonal adjustment, concurrently and prospectively.
Design
The Quinte Longitudinal Study (QLS) involved random‐digit dialling of telephone numbers around the city of Belleville,...
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