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Aims This study aims to: (i) explore the relations between smoking initiation and different profiles of academic achievement trajectories in early to mid‐adolescence; and (ii) to investigate whether background characteristics (gender, ethnicity, grade repetition, parental education) and proximal processes (parental practices, extra‐curricular involvement) predicted class membership and smoking initiation...
Aim To examine the effectiveness of a stage‐matched smoking cessation counselling intervention for smokers who had cardiac diseases.
Methods A total of 1860 Chinese cardiac patients who smoked at least one cigarette in the past 7 days and aged 18 years or above recruited from cardiac out‐patient clinics in Hong Kong hospitals were allocated randomly to an intervention group or control group. The...
The National Institute of Public Policy for Alcohol and Other Drugs (INPAD) is based at the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil, and was created to collect scientific evidence regarding epidemiology, develop new therapeutic approaches, study health economics and provide education to subsidize the proper measures to change the Brazilian scenario of alcohol and drug consumption. Policies directed...
Aims To determine the extent to which other opioids are prescribed to patients receiving methadone in Ontario, Canada.
Design Retrospective cohort study.
Setting Ontario, Canada from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2010.
Participants We studied patients aged 15–64 years with publically funded drug coverage who received at least 30 days of continuous methadone maintenance therapy (MMT).
Measurements ...
Aims There are no studies directly comparing self‐administration of methamphetamine and d‐amphetamine by humans. This study compared intranasal methamphetamine‐ and d‐amphetamine self‐administration and characterized the mood, performance and physiological effects produced by the drugs.
Design A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over study.
Setting An out‐patient research unit...
Aims This study aimed to examine age, cohort and period trends in alcohol abstinence.
Design Two surveys, the Level of Living Survey collected in 1968, 1974, 1981, 1990 and 2000, and the Swedish Panel Study of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD) collected in 1992 and 2002, were studied with graphical depictions of cross‐sectional and longitudinal data presented over time and over age. Cross‐sectional 10‐year...
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