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Aims It has been hypothesized that the smoking population is represented by an increasingly ‘hardcore’ group of smokers who are resistant to quitting. Many definitions of ‘hardcore smokers’ have been used, but their predictive validity is unknown. To evaluate whether ‘hardcore smoker’ definition components predict quitting behaviours and which combinations of ‘hardcore’ components are most predictive...
Aims Volatile substance use (VSU) is associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including cognitive impairment and death. It occurs disproportionately within young and marginalized populations. A previous international systematic review of VSU treatment identified no relevant studies. This paper reports on a systematic review of a range of study types concerning psychosocial interventions for VSU...
Aims To obtain damage/benefit assessments of eight commonly used addictive products and one addictive behaviour from French addiction experts and link these to overall evaluations.
Design and setting Criteria‐based evaluation by experts in addiction. Specific statistical modelling to estimate the relative contribution of various criteria to formulating expert general opinion on products.
Participants ...
Aims To evaluate delay discounting and self‐reported impulsive behavior in a sample of adolescents experimenting with cigarette smoking compared with adolescents who had never smoked or were daily smokers.
Design A cross‐sectional design was used to compare smoking‐status groups.
Setting Columbus, Ohio, a city of approximately 780 000 people.
Participants A sample of 141 male and female adolescents...
Aims This paper aims to identify appropriate criteria for tobacco dependence assessment, evaluate relevant research and suggest revisions that may be incorporated into DSM‐5.
Methods Desirable conceptual and psychometric features of tobacco dependence assessments were identified, including the types of outcomes against which such assessment should be validated. DSM‐IV criteria were matched against...
The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) is the designated hub for drug‐related information in the European Union. The organization's role is to provide the European Union (EU) and its Member States with a factual overview of European drug problems and a common information framework to support the drugs debate. In order to achieve its mission, the EMCDDA coordinates and...
Aims This study aimed to examine the associations between reported exposure to anti‐smoking warnings at the point‐of‐sale (POS) and smokers' interest in quitting and their subsequent quit attempts by comparing reactions in Australia where warnings are prominent to smokers in other countries.
Design A prospective multi‐country cohort design was employed.
Setting Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom...
Aims To characterize factors associated with injection cessation, relapse and initiation.
Design The Madras Injection Drug User and AIDS Cohort Study (MIDACS) is a prospective cohort of injection drug users (IDUs) recruited in 2005–06 with semi‐annual follow‐up to 2009. Discrete‐time survival models were used to characterize predictors of time to first injection cessation and relapse.
Setting Chennai,...
Aim To assess the short‐term temporal relationship between emergency department (ED) attendances for acute alcohol problems and assaults reported to police.
Design Cross‐sectional time–series analysis.
Setting Population of New South Wales (NSW), Australia between 2003 and 2008.
Participants All patients who attended any of 56 large NSW public hospital EDs and had a recorded diagnosis of acute...
Aims To discuss the contributions historians have made to the addiction field, broadly construed to include licit and illicit drug use, drug policy, drug treatment and epidemiological and neuroscientific research.
Methods Review of literature, highlighting specific contributions and controversies from recent research on the United States, the United Kingdom, China and world history.
Findings and conclusions ...
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