Addiction
Aim Injecting drug users are a high‐risk population for hepatitis B (HBV), but are difficult to engage in vaccination programmes. This study examines the completion rates of a HBV vaccination schedule and seroconversion in a group of patients in methadone maintenance treatment.
Methods Patients at a public methadone maintenance programme in Sydney, Australia, were screened for viral hepatitis (hepatitis...
Aims This study examines the predictive validity of sensation seeking as a predictor of adolescent substance use, in order to optimize targeting for substance use prevention programs.
Design Longitudinal study.
Setting Random‐digit dial telephone survey.
Participants A total of 6522 US adolescents aged 10–14 years at baseline, resurveyed at 8‐month intervals for three subsequent waves.
Measurements ...
Aim Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid prescription drug approved in Canada since 1981 to treat chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting. In recent years, off‐label use of nabilone for chronic pain management has increased, and physicians have begun to express concerns about nabilone becoming a drug of abuse. This study evaluates the evidence for abuse of nabilone, which is currently ill‐defined...
Aim A sizable percentage of subjects do not respond to follow‐up attempts in smoking cessation studies. The usual procedure in the smoking cessation literature is to assume that non‐respondents have resumed smoking. This study used data from a study with a high follow‐up rate to assess the degree of bias that may be caused by different methods of imputing missing data.
Design and methods Based on...
Context and aims Internationally, the repertoire of alcohol pricing policies has expanded to include targeted taxation, inflation‐linked taxation, taxation based on alcohol‐by‐volume (ABV), minimum pricing policies (general or targeted), bans of below‐cost selling and restricting price‐based promotions. Policy makers clearly need to consider how options compare in reducing harms at the population...
Aims To examine the extent to which genetic factors and shared and non‐shared environmental factors are implicated in the development of gambling behaviors and to examine whether there are gender differences in the genetic and environmental contributors to gambling behaviors.
Design A genetically informative analysis was performed by using DeFries–Fulker (DF) analysis.
Setting Analysis of secondary...
Aims This paper examines the association between social integration in young adulthood and the later onset of substance use and disorders through mid‐adulthood.
Design Data come from a community cohort of African Americans followed longitudinally from age 6–42 years with four assessment periods.
Setting The cohort all lived in the Woodlawn neighborhood of Chicago in 1966, an urban disadvantaged...
Objective To test the hypothesis that among hazardously drinking incarcerated women who are returning to the community, a brief alcohol intervention will result in less alcohol use at follow‐up relative to standard of care.
Methods Eligible participants endorsed hazardous alcohol consumption—four or more drinks at a time on at least 3 separate days in the previous 3 months or a score of 8 or above...
The Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD) was established as a national research centre and department within the Faculty of Social Science at Stockholm University in 1997, following a Government Report and with the aim to strengthen social alcohol and drug research. Initially, core funding came from the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research and from the Ministry of...
Background Because cannabis use is associated with social, physical and psychological problems, it is important to know what causes some individuals to initiate cannabis use and a subset of those to become problematic users. Previous twin studies found evidence for both genetic and environmental influences on vulnerability, but due to considerable variation in the results it is difficult to draw...
Objectives To estimate the impact of injecting drug use (IDU) on mortality in HIV‐infected patients in the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era.
Design Population‐based, nation‐wide prospective cohort study in Denmark (the Danish HIV Cohort Study).
Methods A total of 4578 HIV‐infected patients were followed from 1 January 1997 or date of HIV diagnosis. We calculated mortality rates...
Aims To investigate predictors of hangover during a week of heavy drinking in young adults.
Design Observational prospective study.
Methods A total of 112 young Danish tourists were interviewed on three occasions during their holiday. They completed the Acute Hangover Scale and answered questions about their alcohol consumption and rest duration. The incidence of hangover was analysed as the proportion...