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Aims
The objective of this study was to examine factors that predict antiretroviral therapy (ART) access among eligible, HIV‐positive methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clients. We also tested the hypothesis that sustained MMT participation increases the likelihood of accessing ART.
Design
A nation‐wide cohort study conducted from 1 March 2004 to 31 December 2011.
Setting
MMT clients were...
Aim
To characterize trends in drug abuse in China before and after the 2005 initiation of the ‘People's War on Drugs’.
Design
Retrospective self‐controlled study.
Setting
Annual, nation‐wide surveillance from 2003 to 2010 of all registered drug users in China's National Surveillance System on Drug Abuse (NSSDA).
Participants
A total of 1 184 124 drug users registered in NSSDA were involved...
AimsTo describe work undertaken over a 20‐year period, investigating overdose characteristics among survivors, effects of acute heroin administration, clustering of risk of overdose fatality and potential interventions to reduce this fatal outcome.
MethodsPrivileged‐access interviewers obtained data from non‐treatment as well as treatment samples; experimental study of drop in oxygen saturation following...
Aims
Methamphetamine‐related harms in Victoria have increased recently in the context of stable or declining use prevalence. We determine how changes in price and purity of methamphetamine compared to other drugs such as heroin may, in part, explain these divergent patterns.
Methods
Detailed methamphetamine and heroin purchase price data from 2152 participant interviews from the Melbourne Injecting...
Aims
The Randomized Injectable Opioid Treatment Trial (RIOTT) compared supervised injectable heroin (SIH) and supervised injectable methadone (SIM) with optimized oral methadone (OOM) (ISRCTN0133807). Heroin addicts (previously unresponsive to treatment) made significant reductions in street heroin use at 6 months when treated with SIH. We now examine secondary outcomes.
Design
Multi‐site randomized...
AimsDrug policy strategies and discussions often use prevalence of drug use as a primary performance indicator. However, three other indicators are at least as relevant: the number of heavy users, total expenditures and total amount consumed. This paper stems from our efforts to develop annual estimates of these three measures for cocaine (including crack), heroin, marijuana and methamphetamine in...
AimsTo determine the long‐term mortality, remission, criminality and psychiatric comorbidity during 11 years among heroin‐dependent Australians.
DesignLongitudinal cohort study.
SettingSydney, Australia.
ParticipantsA total of 615 participants were recruited and completed baseline interviews between 2001 and 2002. Participants completed follow‐up interviews at 3, 12, 24 and 36 months post‐baseline,...
AimsTo describe characteristics of participants and overdose reversals associated with a community‐based naloxone distribution program and identify predictors of obtaining naloxone refills and using naloxone for overdose reversal.
DesignBivariate statistical tests were used to compare characteristics of participants who obtained refills and reported overdose reversals versus those who did not. We...
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