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Objectives Direct and mediated associations between subjective social status (SSS), a subjective measure of socio‐economic status, and smoking abstinence were examined during the period of acute withdrawal among a diverse sample of 421 smokers (33% Caucasian, 34% African American, 33% Latino) undergoing a quit attempt.
Methods Logistic regressions examined relations between SSS and abstinence, controlling...
Introduction This study used nursing triage text to detect drug‐ and alcohol‐related emergency department (ED) presentations and describe their patient and service delivery characteristics.
Methods Data were reviewed for all ED presentations from 2004 to 2006 (n = 263 937) from two hospitals in Sydney, Australia. Each record included two nursing triage free‐text fields, which were searched for more...
Background Standardized death rates from chronic liver diseases (CLDs) in Hungary are much higher than the European Union average. Carrying the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B 48His allele (rs1229984 or ADH1B*2) could decrease the risk of alcoholism, but with persistent drinking may confer a greater risk of CLDs. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of this polymorphism in the Hungarian population...
Aims To review the evidence on the effectiveness of harm reduction interventions involving the provision of sterile injecting equipment in the prevention of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission among injecting drug users (IDUs). The interventions assessed were needle and syringe programmes (NSP), alternative modes of needle/syringe provision (pharmacies, vending...
Aims To present and evaluate a measurement tool for assessing characteristics of people with drug and/or alcohol problems for triage and evaluation in treatment. Measurements in the Addictions for Triage and Evaluation (MATE) is composed of 10 modules, selected on the basis of a detailed set of specifications. Conceptually, the MATE was constructed according to the ICD and International Classification...
Aims To determine the comparative levels of violent offending and victimization among regular methamphetamine and heroin users.
Design Cross‐sectional
Setting Sydney, Australia.
Participants A total of 400 regular methamphetamine (METH) and heroin (HER) users (118 methamphetamine users: METH; 161 regular heroin users: HER; 121 regular users of both: BOTH).
Findings Eighty‐two per cent reported...
Aim Visual probe tasks are often used to measure attentional bias (AB) towards alcohol‐related images in drinkers, but little is known about the effect of the properties of the images used in this task: specifically, image complexity.
Methods AB was examined in a group of adult drinkers (n = 25). Two measures of attentional bias were obtained from a modified visual probe task. First, a traditional...
Aims To describe the development and enactment of the Western Australian (WA) Cannabis Infringement Notice scheme and reflect on the lessons for researchers and policy‐makers interested in the translation of policy research to policy practice.
Methods An insiders' description of the background research, knowledge transfer strategies and political and legislative processes leading to the enactment...
Aims Despite proven benefits of antiretroviral therapy (ART), many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected injection drug users (IDU) do not access treatment even in settings with free health care. We examined whether methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) increased initiation and adherence to ART among an IDU population with free health care.
Design We examined prospectively a cohort of opioid‐using...
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