This chapter lists important terminology used in topics of counseling that commence with the alphabet 'S'. It contains the explanation of several terms, including sample, sandwich generation, and scales of measurement. At least 20 million Americans, mostly female caregivers, are part of the sandwich generation, that is, sandwiched between parent care and child and/or grandchild care. Scales of measurement are tools that provide a way for people to classify or measure qualities or characteristics of particular things via some comparison. The chapter is a part of the American Counseling Association Encyclopedia of Counseling, which has 400 entries that span the 2009 CACREP core areas used in counselor preparation, continuing education, and accreditation of counseling degree programs, making this a perfect text for introductory counseling classes or for use as a study guide when preparing for the National Counselor Exam.