Sports activities have become a part of the modern lifestyle and the number of related injuries has therefore increased dramatically. This chapter provides a brief review of injury prevention in the light of scientific evidence focusing on the knee, ankle, shoulder, and spinal joints as well as the associated muscles. The results obtained through prevention programs in reducing anterior cruciate ligament and hamstring injuries are highlighted as a model of sports-related injury prevention. The role of brace and proprioception is investigated for both the knee and the ankle joints and aging is analyzed as a factor predisposing to injury. The prevention of running injuries is discussed based on biomechanical and clinical analysis.