Phytochemical studies of Rubus chingii Hu afforded a new chromone ( 1 ), identified as rubusin B, along with six known compounds, kaempferol ( 2 ), rubusin A ( 3 ), quercetin ( 4 ), β -sitosterol ( 5 ), oleanolic acid ( 6 ), and liballinol ( 7 ). All the chemical structures were identified using 1D and 2D NMR data and MS data. It was found that compounds 1 – 4 displayed anti-osteoporotic activities to different degrees, quercetin and kaempferol significantly increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and can stimulate osteoblastic activity, and rubusin A and B strongly inhibit osteoclastic cell and bone resorption even at a concentration of 0.01 ppm.