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The immune system protects the body not only from invasion by foreign infectious agents but also from abnormal self-cells with the capacity to cause disease. Several lines of evidence suggest that the immune system can effectively rid the body of cells with malignant potential under normal physiologic conditions and tumor development results from a failure of the immune system. There are also rare...
Epigenetic processes, in addition to well-characterized genetic abnormalities, play a critical role in cancer initiation and progression. The acetylation status of histones affects levels of gene expression, and causes aberrant transcriptional repression in cancer cells. As a result, this is also implicated with unresponsiveness to immune-based therapies as well as conventional chemotherapies against...
Cancer vaccines offer the promise of a noninvasive method to attack tumors using the patient’s immune system. Although such strategies have shown robust activity in preclinical models, the results from clinical trials have been modest. Although the exact reason for the lack of clinical success remains to be determined, it is clear that the immunosuppressive environment of large tumors represents a...
Although there are a number of treatment modalities currently available for the treatment of cancer, mortality rates have only shown marginal improvement of late. Novel therapeutics, with decreased side effects, are desperately needed in order to improve the current prognosis for this deadly disease. To this end viruses with either natural or engineered tropism to tumors as well as immunotherapeutic...
Since its inception in the late nineteenth century, radiation therapy has been a mainstay in the clinic to treat and palliate patients afflicted with cancer. With the rapid advancement in technology for radiation therapy equipment, delivery has improved and late sequalae have been minimized. Alongside the technological advancements, several groundbreaking biological discoveries have enabled scientists...
Molecular medicine is focusing its attention on developing immunotherapeutic strategies that engage the immune system to combat a number of human diseases, including cancer. As a result, great emphasis has been placed on enhancing existing imaging modalities and developing new imaging techniques in order to assess the in vivo consequences of a given immunotherapy. Recently, improvements in the resolution...
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