The cathodoluminescence and X-ray-luminescence spectra of CdS:O crystals are studied. For these CdS:O crystals the oxygen content, the dependence of the band gap on the substitutional oxygen content [OS], and the band model calculated on the basis of band anticrossing theory are known. New data on the three types of self-activated luminescence, specifically, edge luminescence and luminescence related to SA and F + centers in CdS are obtained. The conditions of the formation of these luminescence centers under changes in the system of intrinsic point defects in CdS crystals containing oxygen are established.