“Herein, we consider the technologies of obtaining composite structures that can exhibit the properties of metamaterials, namely layered metal–dielectric (metal–polymer) structures and fish-net metal-polymeric structures. The dielectric and resonance properties of the synthesized structures are studied both theoretically and experimentally, and the excitation features of new types of quasi-non-diffraction plasmon-polaritons generated in them are established. Original methods and tools for characterizing the optical properties of the created composite structures (in particular, a differential polarization interferometer, a method and a device for detecting a negative refractive index) are proposed. Based on the developed and created metamaterials, a number of new devices are proposed and implemented, in particular, new configurations of flat lenses (so-called superlenses) of the near and far fields in the spectral range from ultraviolet to infrared radiation”.