Purpose of Review
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In this review, we summarize recent updates in gonorrhea epidemiology, laboratory diagnosis, antimicrobial resistance, treatment, and prevention and control approaches.
Recent Findings
Gonorrhea rates are increasing in the USA, driven primarily by increases among men—and likely among men who have sex with men. Continued emergence of antimicrobial resistance, declining antimicrobial options, and changes in sexual behavior further challenge current treatment, prevention, and control efforts. Investigations of novel antimicrobial agents and molecular assays for drug susceptibility and renewed interest in vaccine development are promising.
Summary
Efforts to reduce gonorrhea incidence and address antimicrobial resistance face substantial challenges. Research areas of the greatest need and of the greatest potential impact include development of new antimicrobials and rapid tests for resistance, identification of highly effective public health prevention and control approaches, and development of a gonorrhea vaccine.