Digitalization is coupled to huge expectations in terms of personalized medicine and prevention concepts, as well as regarding improved quality and efficiency of healthcare provision. Big data approaches that also make use of data generated by patients in daily life (patient-generated health data), e.g., from digital healthcare applications (apps, wearables), and the new digital possibilities for better assessing and incorporating patients’ appraisals and preferences strengthen the focus on patients’ perspectives. There is also hope that computer-assisted processes and analyses will reduce the bureaucratic burden and create new space for patient–physician interactions. A prerequisite for this is a sector-wide telematic infrastructure (TI) that can safely collect, store, and share health data. The personalized electronic health records of patients in the TI center should enable health data to be accessed from anywhere at any time, and simplify communication with service providers via digital means. In order to make the success of digital health applications (e.g., apps) transparent and quickly transfer pilot projects into the market, efficient research funding is needed to evoke quality standards and suitable evaluation methods. Just as the right to informational self-determination stipulates that the patient decides how and for what his/her health data can be used, this also stipulates that use of these digital healthcare offers be optional. In order for users to be able to assess opportunities and underlying risks themselves, measures aimed at increasing the digital competence of citizens, patients, and all healthcare professionals involved in the digital healthcare process are of great importance.