The article addresses two new aspects of the role of State aid for environmental and energy projects in the EU: aid for infrastructure and aid for nuclear energy projects. Aid for infrastructure projects may be necessary given the funding gap and the necessity to upgrade and modernise new technologies and this is now regulated in the GBER and the Environmental and Energy Guidelines. In the area of State aid for energy projects nuclear energy proved too contentious to be included in the Guidelines. But in October 2014 the European Commission had the opportunity to make a Decision in the UK Hinkley Point C nuclear build, revealing the political, contentious and uncertain nature of EU regulation when a Member State’s choice of energy mix is at stake.