The purpose of this study was to show somatotype and physical characteristic differences between ssireum athletes and non-athletes. Differences between weight divisions were also examined. In this study, we first observed 32 elite and professional ssireum athletes and 15 non-athletes. The participants were measured with the modified somatotype method of Heath-Carter, resulting in three kinds of somatotype (endomorph, mesomorph, and ectomorph) and a balanced type (central type). The non-athletes consisted of 2 endomorphic, 3 mesomorphic, 5 ectomorphic, and 5 central types. The ssireum athletes consisted of 30 mesomorphs and 2 endomorphs. Subdividing the athletes’ somatotypes resulted in 23 endomorphic mesomorphs, 6 mesomorph-endomorphs, 2 mesomorphic endomorphs, and 1 balanced mesomorph, respectively. Ssireum athletes had higher weights, body mass index, and endomorphic and mesomorphic component values than did the non-athletes. However, the ectomorphic component in the athletes was lower than in the non-athletes. Furthermore, a higher weight division was positively correlated with a higher body mass index and endomorphic and mesomorphic components, but negatively correlated with the ectomorphic component. Our study provides in part physical characteristics of ssireum athletes to establish a reference for the studying sports health sciences.