Surgical therapy for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) began in 1977, when vitreous hemorrhages were first removed (Treister et al. 1977). Currently the only treatments for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) that have been shown to be effective in prospective randomized multicenter trials are laser photocoagulation for extrafoveal CNV and photodynamic therapy for the small group of patients with subfoveal and either predominantly classic CNV or possibly completely occult CNV (Bressler 1987; Macular Photocoagulation Study Group 1991, 1994; Photodynamic Therapy (TAP) Study Group 1999). However, even when these treatments are successful, retreatment is required in a significant number of cases due to recurrence or persistence of CNV after photocoagulation and reperfusion after photodynamic therapy and then serve at best to reduce the magnitude of visual loss.