Cancer is a major health problem in many Asia-Oceania countries. As the number of cancer survivors and their length of survival increase, long-term health issues specific to this population, especially the need for lifestyle modifications, are fast emerging as a public health concern. The purpose of this chapter is to (1) discuss the present situation of health promotion activities for cancer survivors in Japan, (2) briefly review the effectiveness of lifestyle modification interventions, and (3) discuss the role of healthcare providers in promoting lifestyle change. Healthcare providers and public health researchers need to recognize that health promotion is no longer just for “healthy” people, but is also a vital component of cancer survivorship care.