The work on multicast has evolved from bottom IP layer multicast to Application Layer Multicast. While there are issues with the dep-loyment of IP layer multicast, it outperforms Application Layer Multicast. However, the latter has the advantage of an easier dep-loyment. Furthermore, as will be illustrated later in this Chapter, IP layer multicast has the potential to make parallel overlay operations more efficient. Application Layer Multicast is primarily used to send application specific messages/data to a number of nodes.