The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
Planck is the third medium-size scientific mission (M3) of the ESA HORIZON 2000 program and is to be launched in 2007. The bolometer-based Planck/HFI (High Frequency Instrument) is cooled down to 100 mK in order to measure the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation with sensitivity close to the fundamental photon noise limit. We report the critical design drivers for the open-cycle dilution system...
The HERSCHEL/PLANCK mission of the ESA Horizon 2000 Science Program accommodates two spacecrafts for a joined launch on ARIANE 5 in 2007. HERSCHEL, a multi-user observatory type mission, is a giant space telescope. It will be able to collect light from very distant galaxies and to observe, for the first time, objects completely enshrouded by dust such as the primeval galaxies. The HERSCHEL payload...
Because of renewed interest in low temperature refrigeration for space missions, there has been considerable developmental work on adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators (ADR) over the last decade or so. As a result, they have expanded from single-stage systems requiring relatively low heat sink temperatures to multi-stage systems capable of rejecting heat to 5 K and higher. This capability enables...
In future space missions, it is likely there will be an increasing need for ultra low temperatures. For instance, XEUS is expected to employ a series of superconducting tunnel junctions and transition edge sensors that will require cooling down to 100 mK and below. Only a few technologies are capable of producing such low temperatures: dilution refrigerators, adiabatic demagnetization refrigerators...
In order to provide continuous cooling at 50 mK for space or laboratory applications, we are designing a miniature adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (MADR) anchored at a reservoir at 5 K. Continuous cooling is obtained by the use of several paramagnetic pills placed in series with heat switches. We are aiming for a fast cycling process (≈ 500 s) in order to reduce the size of the pills. For that...
Optical refrigeration using anti-Stokes fluorescence in solids has several advantages over more conventional techniques, including low mass, low volume, low cost and no vibration. It has been the topic of analysis and experimental work by several organizations. We recently demonstrated the first optical refrigerator which cooled an attached load 11.8°C below the surroundings. Our laboratory refrigerator...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.