Consequences of large N volume independence are examined in conformal and confining gauge theories. In the large N limit, gauge theories compactified on $ {\mathbb{R}^{d - k}} \times {\left( {{S^1}} \right)^k} {\mathbb{R}^d} {\mathbb{R}^{d - k}} \times {\left( {{S^1}} \right)^k} \mathcal{N} = 4 $ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, the center symmetry realization is a matter of choice: the theory on $ {\mathbb{R}^{4 - k}} \times {\left( {{S^1}} \right)^k} $ has a moduli space which contains points with all possible realizations of center symmetry. Large N QCD with massive adjoint fermions and one or two compactified dimensions has a rich phase structure with an infinite number of phase transitions coalescing in the zero radius limit.