Titanium-alloy castings have recently become an attractive option for critical-structural applications in aerospace structures. These opportunities have occurred primarily because of the development of advanced-process technologies, such as rapid-prototyping methodology and solidification modeling, which have dramatically reduced the cost and time required to obtain first-article castings through concurrent engineering. Moreover, these technologies have lowered the risk involved in examining new applications for titanium castings. This article examines the implementation of these new technologies and the heat treatment and mechanical properties of large structural castings, particularly in relation to section size. Additionally, the production of a cast-titanium transmission adapter for the V-22 Osprey Tiltrotoraircraft is described.