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Magnetic nanoparticles exhibit specific physical properties that make them a useful tool for both medical diagnostics and therapy. The physical background for all these biomedical applications is the interaction of these particles with externally applied magnetic fields. This interaction is confined to the particles so that unwanted side effects can be avoided or reduced. In this chapter, the physics...
New controllable, active and adaptive materials like ferrofluids enable scientific engineering disciplines to carry out fundamental research investigations and to develop innovative technical applications. Thereby, the properties of ferrofluids, their modeling as well as relevant requirements to ferrofluids with regard to their different technical applications represent the main focus of investigations,...
Applying thermodynamics consistently and in conjunction with other general principles (especially conservation laws and transformation properties) is shown in this review to lead to useful insights and unambiguous results in macroscopic electromagnetism. First, the static Maxwell equations are shown to be equilibrium conditions, expressing that entropy is maximal with respect to variations of the...
Combined efforts of experimental, theoretical and simulation studies performed over the last years have significantly improved the understanding of structural and dynamical properties of ferrofluids. Experiments on newly synthesized cobalt ferrofluids – well characterized and with a narrow particle size distribution – show huge magnetoviscous effects, where the zero-field viscosity increases by a...
As compared to bulk materials, magnetic nanoparticles possess distinct magnetic properties and attempts have been made to exploit their beneficial properties for technical and biomedical applications, e.g. for magnetic fluids, high-density magnetic recording, or biomedical diagnosis and therapy. Early magnetic fluids (MFs) were produced by grinding magnetite with heptane or long chain hydrocarbon...
We report on recent progress in understanding the formation of surface protuberances on a planar layer of ferrofluid in a magnetic field oriented normally to the surface. This normal field or Rosensweig instability can be tackled by a linear and a nonlinear description. In the linear regime of small amplitudes we focus on the wave number of maximal growth, its corresponding growth rate and the oscillatory...
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