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Thoracoscopic lobectomy is being performed in the pediatric population at many centers. The procedure is technically demanding and requires good knowledge of surgical anatomy of the affected area of the lung lobe to be resected. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port placement sites in thoracoscopic lobectomy...
Thoracoscopic resection of bronchogenic cysts is performed when such lesions are identified in the pediatric patient. The main intention of surgical resection is to avoid complications that may result from the existence of such cysts. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port placement sites. The indications,...
Pulmonary sequesters may be intralobular or of extralobular types. The variation on the source of blood supply warrants further investigation and studies before the thoracoscopic resection of the pulmonary sequester is attempted. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port placement sites. The indications, contraindications,...
Management of pulmonary blebs and bullae is being performed in the pediatric population using minimal access techniques. There are variations in approach to this pathology depending on the expertise of the surgeon and the availability of special equipment (e.g. Lasers etc.) at the center where the procedure is being performed. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient,...
Thoracoscopic reception of neuroblastoma can be performed safely in tumors diagnosed in a particular stage of the disease. Large size of the tumor mass and certain stages of the tumor may offer limitations to the thoracoscopic approach. The procedure is technically demanding and requires good knowledge of surgical anatomy of the affected area through imaging investigations. The chapter outlines the...
Thoracoscopic repair of esophageal atresia is a technically demanding surgical procedure which is gaining popularity for this anomaly. The procedure requires special short instruments of small diameter suitable for manipulation in the newborn thorax. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port placement sites...
Thoracoscopic repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is performed both in small defects where primary closure is possible and in large defects where prosthetic biomaterials may be required. Appropriate positioning of the infant is necessary for proper placement of the ports and adequate access. This chapter deals with congenital diaphragmatic hernia variations and their management options. Operation...
Thoracoscopic thymectomy can be performed safely using a left-thoracic approach for various thymic pathologies from mysethenia gravis to thymic cysts. This chapter deals with the operation room setup, patient positioning, special instruments and port placement sites in thoracoscopic thymectomy. The indications, contraindications, preoperative considerations, technical notes and procedural variations...
Tracheal compression may occur as a primary condition, or may be secondary as a result of an accompanying condition. Tracheal compression can lead to life-threatening episodes in affected newborns, infants and children. Thoracoscopic aortopexy is an option to alleviate this condition. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure...
Patients with an isolated patent ductus arteriosus are candidates for thoracoscopic closure. Position and draping of the patient are similar to the open procedure. Three ports are utilised; two 5 mm ports below and behind the tip of the scapula for the instruments, and one stab wound anteriorly at the level of the interlobar fissure for retraction of the lung. Single-lung ventilation or CO2 insufflation...
Thoracscopic upper thoracic sympathectomy is a well established procedure for the treatment of primary palmer and axillary hyperhidrosis in children and adolescents. Earyl intervention before developing learning and social problems is recommended in affected children. The procedure is carried out under general anesthesia in semi-sitting position with abducted uper limbs and achieved bilaterally...
Thoracic vertebral deformities can be managed by thoracoscopic anterior discectomy or thoracoscopic hemivertebrectomy, depending on the type of correction required. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port placement sites. The indications, contraindications, preoperative considerations and technical considerations...
Pectus excavatum correction using minimal access repair has gained popularity in the surgical management of this deformity. The introduction of thoracoscopy in the minimal access repair of pectus excavatum has offered increased safety in performing these procedures. The chapter outlines the operation room setup, positioning of the patient, special instruments required for the procedure and the port...
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