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User estimates of job runtimes have emerged as an important component of the workload on parallel machines, and can have a significant impact on how a scheduler treats different jobs, and thus on overall performance. It is therefore highly desirable to have a good model of the relationship between parallel jobs and their associated estimates. We construct such a model based on a detailed analysis...
With Grids, we are able to share computing resources and to provide for scientific communities a global transparent access to local facilities. In such an environment the problems of fair resource sharing and best usage arise. In this paper, the analysis of the LPC cluster usage (Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France) in the EGEE Grid environment is done, and from the results...
Using historical information to predict future runs of parallel jobs has shown to be valuable in job scheduling. Trends toward more flexible job-scheduling techniques such as adaptive resource allocation, and toward the expansion of scheduling to grids, make runtime predictions even more important. We present a technique of employing both a user’s knowledge of his/her parallel application and historical...
We describe an open job management architecture of the Blue Gene/L supercomputer. The architecture allows integration of virtually any job management system with Blue Gene/L with minimal effort. The architecture has several ”openness” characteristics. First, any job management system runs outside the Blue Gene/L core (i.e. no part of the job management system runs on Blue Gene/L resources). Second,...
Irregular and iterative I/O-intensive jobs need a different approach from parallel job schedulers. The focus in this case is not only the processing requirements anymore: memory, network and storage capacity must all be considered in making a scheduling decision. Job executions are irregular and data dependent, alternating between CPU-bound and I/O-bound phases. In this paper, we propose and implement...
Recently HP Labs engaged in a joint project with DreamWorks Animation to develop a Utility Rendering Service that was used to render part of the computer-animated feature film Shrek 2. In a companion paper [2] we formalized the problem of scheduling animation rendering jobs and demonstrated that the general problem is computationally intractable, as are severely restricted special cases. We presented...
As grid computing becomes more commonplace, so does the importance of coscheduling these geographically distributed resources. Negotiating resource management and scheduling decisions for these resources is similar to making travel arrangements: guesses are made and then remade or confirmed depending on the availability of resources. This “Travel Agent Method” serves as the basis for a production...
Our main goal in this paper is to study the scheduling of parallel BSP tasks on clusters of computers. We focus our attention on special characteristics of BSP tasks, which can use fewer processors than the original required, but with a particular cost model. We discuss the problem of scheduling a batch of BSP tasks on a fixed number of computers. The objective is to minimize the completion time of...
Traditional job schedulers for grid or cluster systems are responsible for assigning incoming jobs to compute nodes in such a way that some evaluative condition is met. Such systems generally take into consideration the availability of compute cycles, queue lengths, and expected job execution times, but they typically do not account directly for data staging and thus miss significant associated opportunities...
The recent success of Internet-based computing projects, coupled with rapid developments in peer-to-peer systems, has stimulated interest in the notion of harvesting idle cycles under a peer-to-peer model. The problem we address in this paper is the development of scheduling strategies to achieve faster turnaround time in an open peer-based desktop grid system. The challenges for this problem are...
Real-time applications with security requirements are emerging in various areas including government, education, and business. However, conventional real-time scheduling algorithms failed to fulfill the security requirements of real-time applications. In this paper we propose a dynamic real-time scheduling algorithm, or SAREG, which is capable of enhancing quality of security for real-time applications...
Sociology, computer networking and operations research provide evidence of the importance of fairness in queuing disciplines. Currently, there is no accepted model for characterizing fairness in parallel job scheduling. We introduce two fairness metrics intended for parallel job schedulers, both of which are based on models from sociology, networking, and operations research. The first metric is motivated...
There are many choices to make when evaluating the performance of a complex system. In the context of parallel job scheduling, one must decide what workload to use and what measurements to take. These decisions sometimes have subtle implications that are easy to overlook. In this paper we document numerous pitfalls one may fall into, with the hope of providing at least some help in avoiding them....
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