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Biosurfactants are of considerable industrial value as their high tenside activity in combination with their biocompatibility makes them attractive for many applications. In particular members of the lipopeptide family of biosurfactants contain significant potentials for the pharmaceutical industry due to their intrinsic antibiotic characteristics. The high frequency of lipopeptide (LP) production...
This chapter concentrates on the various possibilities of using alternative substrates and new strategies. Such strategies include an integrated production system to reduce the environmental impact and an attempt to minimize residues, which reinforces socio-economic and region-structural development. Additionally, we offer an overview of the physicochemical and biological properties of rhamnolipid...
This chapter deals with two types of biosurfactants that are not in the spotlight of general research: glycoglycerolipids and oligosaccharide lipids. The main focus is on glycolglycerolipids from marine bacteria like Microbacterium spec. DSM 12583, Micrococcus luteus (Hel 12/2) and Bacillus pumilus strain AAS3 and on oligosaccharide lipids from Tsukamurella spec. DSM 44370 and Nocardia corynebacteroides...
In recent years biosurfactants have attracted attention because of their low toxicity, biodegradability and ecological acceptability. However, their use is currently extremely limited due to their high cost in relation to that of chemical surfactants. Solid-state cultivation represents an alternative technology for biosurfactant production that can bring two important advantages: firstly,...
Certain species of Pseudomonas are able to produce and excrete a heterogeneous mixture of biosurfactants with a glycolipid structure. These are known as rhamnolipids. In the biosynthetic process, rhamnolipid production is governed by both the genetic regulatory system and central metabolic pathways involving fatty acid synthesis, activated sugars and enzymes. These surface-active compounds...
Surfactants and biosurfactants are amphipathic molecules with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that partition preferentially at the interface between fluid phases that have different degrees of polarity and hydrogen bonding which confers excellent detergency, emulsifying, foaming and dispersing traits, making them most versatile process chemicals. One of the major applications of (bio)surfactants...
Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds from biological sources, usually extracellular, produced by bacteria, yeast or fungi. Research on biological surfactant production has grown significantly due to the advantages they present over synthetic compounds such as biodegradability, low toxicity, diversity of applications and functionality under extreme conditions. Although the majority...
Some yeasts are preferred to bacteria as sources for biosurfactants, mainly due to their GRAS status for environmental and health safety reasons. This chapter thus focuses on the production of biosurfactants by some yeast cultures using renewable resources like fatty wastes from household and vegetable oil refineries as major substrates. The chapter also emphasizes on the importance of the application...
Biosurfactants are surface-active compounds synthesized by a wide variety of microorganisms. They are molecules that have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains and are capable of lowering the surface tension and the interfacial tension of the growth medium. Biosurfactants possess different chemical structures—lipopeptides, glycolipids, neutral lipids and fatty acids. They are nontoxic...
Agreat many methods are available for the concentration of biosurfactants from microbiological media. The strongest known biosurfactant, surfactin, serves as a model in many studies, so is used here to illustrate the diversity in approaches to product enrichment. Common physiochemical properties mean that many of these methods can be applied to other systems. Although acid precipitation...
In the current scenario, there is immense concern regarding the environmental issues. Eco-friendly surfactants are becoming a preferred choice for specific applications in spite of their possibly inferior performance or more expensive nature than conventional ones. This chapter deals with the use of enzymes in non-aqueous media for the synthesis of surfactants such as monoglycerides, sugar...
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