Chemical composition analysis using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy and phase identification using X-ray were performed on the extracted residues of 8 pct Cr martensitic steel strengthened by nanoscaled complex oxides, which consist of yttrium, titanium, and oxygen. Some Y2Ti2O7 particles, which were stable during normalizing, decomposed into Y2O3 and Ti2O3 during tempering. This reaction reversibly occurred between normalizing and tempering. Y2Ti2O7 particles formed in the steel had other constituents in solid solution as compared to the completely stoichiometric Y2Ti2O7 particles synthesized artificially in air. As for the mechanism of the decomposition of Y2Ti2O7 particles in the steel, segregation of oxygen to dislocations induced by normalizing caused the decomposition of Y2Ti2O7 during tempering. In addition to that, the interfacial strain between Y2O3 particles or Ti2O3 particles within Cr23C6 carbides, which are formed by tempering, was lower than the strain between Y2Ti2O7, which precipitated in Cr23C6 carbides or the matrix. This difference in interfacial strain could also promote the decomposition of the Y2Ti2O7 particles in the steel.