The transverse momentum spectrums of π −, π +, K −, K +, $$\bar p$$ , and p produced in p-Pb collisions at $$\sqrt {s_{NN} } = 5.02$$ TeV measured by the CMS Collaboration and in Pb-Pb collisions at $$\sqrt {s_{NN} } = 2.76$$ TeV measured by the ALICE Collaboration are described by the Tsallis distribution. Then, the ratios of negatively/positively charged particles are obtained. The chemical potentials of u-quark, d-quark, s-quark, baryon number, isospin, and strangeness are obtained by using different configurations of the ratios. Comparing with the masses of final-state particles, all the six types of chemical potentials are small.