It is shown that, in the course of rolling friction, the intensity of wear of hydrogenated specimens of high-nitrogen manganese steels is five times higher than for nonhydrogenated specimens. As the wear intensity increases, the color of the friction surface of the roller and the sizes of the wear products change. The outward appearance of nonhydrogenated and hydrogenated wear products is noticeably different (white and dark colors, respectively). The microhardness of the hydrogenated layer is equal to 7.6–8.2 GPa, whereas the microhardness of the layer of destroyed domains is 4.2–4.9 GPa. In the destroyed domains with signs of thermal seizure, we observe the elevated contents of carbide-forming elements (in particular, of molybdenum), which confirm the intensification of fracture in the investigated high-nitrogen steels under the conditions of rolling friction in carbide-enriched domains.