In this study, the stress, strain, and strain energy density (SED) criteria were applied to tentatively simulate overload-induced bone resorption in implant/jawbone systems. By a comparative analysis, the SED criterion was found to be most suitable, based on which the resorption process of alveolar bone was investigated, and the effects of implant diameter and loading angle were examined. The simulations demonstrated the patterns of bone resorption that agreed well with the clinical observations published in the literature, and showed that implant diameter and loading angle influenced significantly the amount of resorbed bone and the micromotion of implant.