There is a great deal of external fluctuation such as order change or delayed delivery of materials, and uncertain components such as machine trouble or process delay in the real shop floor. It is difficult to execute real production according to the schedule which is established in advance. Therefore, a new production scheduling technique which can consider both external fluctuation and uncertain component existing in the real shop floor is required. In this paper, a real-virtual interaction method for production scheduling is proposed, which can adaptively and effectively consider both dynamic external fluctuation and uncertain component by using model plant in the real system and computer simulation in the virtual system to interact with each other. The effectiveness of real-virtual interaction method is verified by experiments on flow shop problem.