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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world, especially in Asia. Rice suffers serious damage from several pathogens, which reduce yield. One of the most devastating fungal diseases is rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea). Bacterial diseases are also important, especially bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae), which is one of the most serious diseases of rice in South-East...
A complementary DNA of defensin gene was isolated from wasabi (Wasabia japonica) plant. This cDNA was cloned into PVX (Potato virus X) vector, and the vector inoculated to Nicotiana benthamiana plants to rapidly produce the defensin protein in planta. Purified wasabi defensin showed strong antimicrobial activity toward Magnaporthe grisea. Thus, wasabi defensin gene fused with a strong maize ubiquitin...
The RESIDIV project is supported by the European Community. The project aims at improving our knowledge on resistance diversity in Chinese rice varieties and on the diversity of the pathogen for its ability to attack resistant varieties (avirulence/virulence). Chinese traditional rice varieties have a large biodiversity and characterization of this material will lead to the identification of new genes...
Multilines are mixtures of several near-isogenic lines (NILs) with uniform phenotypic agricultural traits but with different resistance genes to a crop disease. They are known to prevent breakdown of disease resistance and reduce disease development because of diversity of their resistance. Knowledge on the genetic background for both host resistance and pathogen virulence is necessary to develop...
For rice blast control with multilines, nine near-isogenic lines (NILs) with different complete blast-resistance genes were developed from a leading rice cv. Sasanishiki at Miyagi Prefectural Furukawa Agricultural Experiment Station in Japan. Four of these nine NILs, namely, the Pik, Pik-m, Piz and Piz-t lines were first registered as multilines named Sasanishiki BL (BL) in 1994, and the Pita-2, Pita...
Six isogenic lines with complete resistance genes (R-genes) on the genetic background of the japonica rice variety Koshihikari were developed. BL1 has Piz-t, BL2 has Pii and Pita-2, BL3 has Pib, BL4 has Pik-p, BL5 has Pik-m, and BL6 has Piz and Pia, respectively. We adopted these lines for mixed planting, because we expected them to have a barrier effect. Based on the distribution of the blast race,...
Rice blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea, the anamorph of Magnaporthe grisea, is the main rice production constraint in Latin America. Development of resistant cultivars has been the preferred means of controlling this disease; however, blast resistance is defeated by the pathogen shortly after cultivar release, affecting both leaves and panicles of the plant and reducing yields severely. Major...
In the IRRI-Japan Collaborative Research Project, four kinds of differential varieties, monogenic lines and near isogenic lines (NILs) with three kinds of genetic backgrounds have been developed for the following 24 resistance genes Pia, Pib, Pii, Pik, Pik-h, Pik-m, Pik-p, Piks, Pish, Pita, Pita-2, Pit, Piz, Piz-5 (Pi2), Piz-t, Pi1, Pi3, Pi5(t), Pi7, Pi9 (t), Pi11 (t), Pi12 (t), Pi19 (t), and Pi20...
Eight blast resistance genes --Pia, Pib, Pik-s, Pik-h, Pita, Piz-t, Pi20, and one of three (Pii, Pi3, or Pi5(t)) were identified in 42 IRRI-bred varieties following a differential system using Philippine blast isolates. Among these genes, two genes Pib and one of Pik alleles (Pik-s or Pik-h), were found in almost all IRRI varieties. The number of resistance genes in each variety varied from two to...
Thirty isolates of Magnaporthe grisea collected from 18 provinces/cities representing 21 pathotypes and 9 different lineages were inoculated to rice varieties with known resistance genes, some hybrid rice, and conventional early indica and late japonica varieties cultivated in recent years in China. The results indicated that some of them were resistant to most of the isolates tested and that they...
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