According to the concept of ecoclimatic factor’s guarantee rate, this study purposes to quantitatively analyze the interdecadal changes of the four major vegetation transition zones in Northeast China based on the warmth index first developed by Kira and the humidity index put forward by Xu during the period 1961–2007. On this basis, the responses of the interdecadal changes of vegetation transition zones to climate were analyzed. The results indicated that latitudinal vegetation transition zones had been moving laggingly to higher latitude (shifting upwards in altitude) and that longitudinal vegetation transition zones had been shifting slowly toward humid area in the whole sequence, whereas the shifts were fluctuant in stages. The changes of vegetation transition zones of Northeast China expressed in distribution and bandwidth responded to climate change, not only in the whole sequence but also in stages.