One of the major contributions of Georges Matheron to the Sciences of the 20th century concerns the field of Physics of random media. This important aspect of the work of Georges Matheron is not so well known by the communities of Geostatistics and Mathematical Morphology, but it has a large impact in many domains of engineering sciences. In parallel to his work on flows in porous media, Georges Matheron developed in collaboration with Jean Serra the basis of mathematical morphology (like operations of erosion, dilation, opening, ), having in mind the geometrical characterization of complex porous media [48].