The aim of the study was to supply a scientific basis for standard reference values of haemoglobin in Chinese adolescent boys. We carried out a randomised blind analysis of 12,640 haemoglobin measurements in adolescent boys and of five geographical factors in 78 areas of China. There was a significant correlation between geographical factors and the normal reference value of haemoglobin in adolescent boys (F=26.00). Multiple linear regression analysis showed one regression equation to be constant. Geographical effects should be factored into the normal reference values of haemoglobin in adolescent boys by the use of a regression equation. Furthermore, the geographical effects on haemoglobin in adolescent boys define China by six districts: Qingzang, Southwest, Northwest, Southeast, North and Northeast district.