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At first glance, one might not consider motivation to be particularly relevant to understanding health disparities. Motivational processes traditionally focus on affective and cognitive mechanisms that help explain the energy associated with engaging in specific actions (Bandura, 2004). However, health outcomes, including physical and psychological health, have been strongly linked to motivational...
About a decade ago, as we moved into a new millennium, demographers and journalists galore noted that the “look” of America was changing. But, not a one of them would have predicted that this new look would be seen so soon in the face of our nation’s President.
Numerous studies conducted by researchers in public health, psychology, and sociology have found that children and adolescents from disadvantaged families (e.g., “officially poor” families, families with low income-to-needs ratios) are at an increased risk of mental health problems, including depressive symptomatology, hostility, difficulties in peer relations, low self-esteem, and drug use (Bolger,...
Contemporary health disparities research has at least three common themes. First, the focus tends to be on disparate health outcomes for different racial/ethnic groups, with people of color often faring more poorly than their White counterparts (see, for example, Sue & Dhindsa, 2006). Second, the concern has been with disparate outcomes associated with serious physical health conditions such as...
Youth from Asian and Latin American backgrounds, the fastest rising minority groups in American society, face numerous challenges to their successful development. The majority of these adolescents have immigrant parents and many of them were born in another country themselves, creating the need to adapt and adjust to a new and different society (Hernandez, 2004). The youths’ families come from cultural...
Indigenous people (American Indian/Alaska Natives; AI/AN) make up the smallest ethnic group in the United States comprising about 1.5% of the population (4.3 million people, Ogunwole, 2006), yet they rank higher in health disparities than any other ethnic group. The current life expectancy for an Indigenous person born today is nearly 5 years shorter than that of the general population (72.3 vs. 76...
The Hispanic Health Paradox refers to the usual finding in population health studies that the most vulnerable sub-population of immigrants actually have superior morbidity and mortality compared to either the US population or Hispanics born in the United States. In this paper we examine this paradox using an epidemiologic strategy of scrutinizing inter-generational change processes in the Latino population.
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