In this chapter, the classical distribution-free tests: sign test, Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and Wilconxon signed rank test, are studied in the context of RSS. For each of these tests, the RSS version of the test statistic is defined, the distributional properties of the test statistic are investigated, and the efficiency and power are compared with its counterpart in SRS. The related problems of parameter estimation including point estimates and confidence intervals are discussed. The effect of imperfect ranking in RSS on these tests is also addressed. The sign test is discussed in Section 5.1. The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test is treated in Section 5.2. The Wilconxon signed rank test is dealt with in Section 5.3. In each of these three sections, the subsection dealing with the distributional properties of the test statistic is quite technical. Readers who are not interested in technicalities can skip these subsections. The last section of this chapter takes up the issues of optimal designs. Unbalanced RSS schemes which are optimal in terms of efficacy are considered for the sign test and Wilcoxon signed rank test.