Abstract. This paper presents the experimental results of two-wave mixing and self-pumped phase conjugation (SPPC) in barium titanate (BaTiO3) crystals doped with Rh or Ce. It has been shown that the main parameters of SPPC depend very strongly on the concentrations of dopants, the incident angles and the crystal cut used. High gain in two-wave mixing corresponds to low phase-conjugate reflectivity in all samples. It is impossible to maintain the highest reflectivity and gain simultaneously, because the gain will definitely be limited when we try to get the highest reflectivity, and vice versa. Some qualitative explanation of the experimental results is also given.