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For the past 30 years, since their discovery, dendritic cells (DCs) have been the focus of many studies that outline the critical role of DCs in activation and, more recently, regulation of the immune response. As will be discussed in this chapter, DCs are specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that are integral to both the initiation of allograft rejection and the induction and maintenance of...
Phagocytosis of endogenous or exogenous particles is one of the functions of monocytes or tissue macrophages, which effectively sequesters these antigens from the immune system or alternatively, presents these as processed proteins to T-cells. These phagocytic mononuclear cells express a large variety of surface molecules allowing them to recognize infectious and endogenous ligands prior to engulfment,...
One of the major advances in immunology was the identification of two subtypes of lymphocytes: T cells and B cells. Although morphologically similar, T and B cells were found to be different in development, distribution, and function. “Thymus-dependent” lymphocytes, or T cells, undergo critical developmental stages in the thymus. After release from the thymus, mature T cells recirculate in large numbers...
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