In the first part some knowledge about the coherent instabilities in cyclic accelerators and storage rings necessary for the analysis of the collective effects in the heavy ion collider NICA is given. The second part discusses the possibilities for arising of coherent instabilities in the booster and in the collider of the NICA complex. Both coupling impedances and instability thresholds and growth rates have been estimated for single and coupled bunches. Parameters of the beam feedback system for damping of the instabilities have been analyzed. The investigation has been performed at the Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energy Physics, JINR.