Asthma is the most common chronic disease found in children in the United States. Many people believe that asthma is like other chronic diseases such as cancer and heart disease, which may progress slowly over the course of time. It is widely believed that early identification of these chronic disease processes will lead to early treatment and the prevention of some disease consequences. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the value of screening for disease and to evaluate the need to screen children for asthma.