Purpose
Imaging the 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) is considered a potential tool for in vivo evaluation of microglial activation and neuroinflammation in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). ((R)-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-[11C]-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline caboxamide ([11C]-(R)-PK11195) has been widely used for PET imaging of TSPO and, despite its low specific-to-nondisplaceable binding ratio, increased TSPO binding has been shown in AD patients. The high-affinity radioligand N-(5-fluoro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-N-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl-5-methoxybenzyl)acetamide ([18F]FEDAA1106) has been developed as a potential in vivo imaging tool for better quantification of TSPO binding. The aim of this study was to quantify in vivo binding of [18F]FEDAA1106 to TSPO in control subjects and AD patients.
Methods
Seven controls (five men, two women, age 68±3 years, MMSE score 29±1) and nine AD patients (six men, three women, age 69±4 years, MMSE score 25±3) were studied with [18F]FEDAA1106. PET measurements were performed on an ECAT EXACT HR system (Siemens Medical Solutions) in two 60-min dynamic PET sessions with a 30-min interval between sessions. Arterial blood radioactivity was measured using an automated blood sampling system for the first 5 min and using manually drawn samples thereafter. Quantification was performed using both kinetic analysis based on a two-tissue compartment model and Logan graphical analysis. Outcome measures were total distribution volume (V T) and binding potential (BP ND=k 3/k 4). An estimate of nondisplaceable distribution volume was obtained with the Logan graphical analysis using the first 15 min of PET measurements (V ND 1-15 min). Binding potential (BP ND) was also calculated as: V T/V ND 1-15 min − 1.
Results
No statistically significant differences in V T, k 3/k 4 or BP ND were observed between controls and AD patients.
Conclusion
This study suggests that TSPO imaging with [18F]FEDAA1106 does not enable the detection of microglial activation in AD.