We focus on the template-independent self-assembly of organic nanotubes, which are recently breaking new ground every day under the influence of the bloom of carbon nanotube (CNT) researches. In particular, the spontaneous self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules (lipids) into hollow cylindrical tubular architectures is discussed in terms of molecular design, possible formation scheme, dimension control, and potential applications in nano-bio fields. The advanced researches on a variety of self-assembled lipid nanotubes (LNTs), including diacetylenic phospholipid nanotubes (PLNTs), peptide nanotubes (PNTs), glycolipid nanotubes (GLNTs), and molecular graphene-based nanotubes (graphitic nanotubes, GNTs), have been detailed, focusing on current progress and topics on and after 2000. The attempts to use the LNT as a nanocontainer, nanochannel, and nanopipette have also been described to feature the concept of “attoliter chemistry”, which will occur only in a confined liquid nanospace shaped by the LNT hollow cylinder.