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The epidemic of obesity in the general population is now reflected in childbearing women. Obesity was first acknowledged as a risk factor for pregnancy more than 50 years ago (Galtier-Dereure et al. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;71:1242S-1248S), with considerable perinatal and long-term health consequences for the mother and developing fetus. Maternal obesity increases the risk of several adverse reproductive...
This chapter reviews obstetrical and delivery complications in the setting of gestational diabetes (GDM) e.g., preterm labor, the risk of shoulder dystocia, respiratory distress, shoulder dystocia, birth trauma, and cesarean delivery. We evaluate various approaches and interventions that may minimize undesirable outcomes.
Fetal life is one of the critical periods when an exposure may have lifelong effects through biological programming. Intrauterine exposure to an excess of fuels, such as hyperglycemia, leads to greater birth weight and an increased risk of obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes. These effects are not limited to children of women diagnosed with diabetes. In addition to hyperglycemia,...
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